Nominative Case in Korean
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Noun, Pronoun + 이/가
이 - if a word ends in a consonant, 가 - if ends in a vowel
From the previous lesson's examples, you might have noticed that either -이 or -가 is attached to nouns and pronouns.
See the following examples:
I am reading.
He is looking.
The weather is warm.
That book is interesting.
The words "I", "he", "weather", "book" are the subjects.
In the Korean language, -이 / -가 are used to indicate the subject of the sentence. Simply speaking, subject is the main noun or pronouon.
See examples,
(click on translation and grammar buttons)
비가 옵니다.
Korean
비
오다
English
rain
to come
It's raining. (literally: Rain comes)
비가 오+ㅂ니다.
가방이 큽니다.
Korean
가방
크다
English
bag
big
The bag is big.
가방이 크+ㅂ니다.
기분이 좋습니다.
Korean
기분
좋다
English
mood
good
to be in a good mood. (literally: Mood is good)
기분이 좋습니다.
우리가 먹습니다.
Korean
우리
먹다
English
we
to eat
We're having a meal. (literally: We eat.)
우리가 먹습니다.
Quick reference (click to open)
Vowels: a, e, i, o, u
Consonants: b, c, d, f, g, h, j
Syllable: Bra-zil (2 syllables), Ar-gen-ti-na (4), In-di-a (3), Viet-nam (2), thin-king (2), beau-ti-ful (3), good (1)
Batchim: is a final consonant in a syllable. → Bra-zil (batchim: 'l'), Ar-gen-ti-na (batchims: 'r' and 'n'), In-di-a ('n'), Viet-nam ('t', 'm')
Romanization: is a conversion of text (not pronunciation ! ) from different writing system (Korean, Arabic, Russian, etc.) to the Roman (Latin) alphabet.
IPA: is an alphabetic system of phonetic (pronunciation) notation.
Noun: road, user, sister, table, sky
Pronoun: I, my, we, you, they, her
Verb: to go, to study, to think, to feel
Adjective: cold, kind, hungry, curious, expensive
Adverb: quickly, nicely, never, exactly, urgently
Preposition: from, to, on, in, with, till
Conjuction: and, because, if, but, while
Declarative sentence: I learn Korean.
Interrogative sentence: Do you learn Korean?
Imperative sentence: You must learn Korean!
Exclamative sentence: Wow, you learn Korean!
Verb / Adj. stem in Korean: part of a verb or adj. which is left after removing the last syllable -다 ( e.g. 가다 → 가, 예쁘다 → 예쁘, 듣다 → 듣 ).