Negative sentences in Korean

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Verb, Adjective + 지 않다 or Verb, Adjective

In this lesson you will learn about Korean grammar -지 않다, 안, and -이/-가 아니다.

See the following examples:

I do not read.

He is not looking.

The weather is not warm.

That book is not interesting.

Korean grammar -지 않다 is a way to make sentences negative by adding it after verbs or adjectives. 안 is another way to make sentences negative by adding it before verbs or adjectives. Both -지 않다 and 안 mean "not".

See examples,
(click on translation and grammar buttons)

비가 오지 않습니다. / 비가 안 옵니다.

(Both sentences are equivalent.)

Korean

오다

않다, 안

English

rain

to come

not

It's not raining.

지 않+습니다.

오+ㅂ니다.

가방이 크지 않습니까? / 가방이 안 큽니까?

Korean

가방

크다

English

bag

big

Isn't the bag big?

가방지 않+습니까?

가방 크+ㅂ니까?

기분이 좋지 않습니다. / 기분이 안 좋습니다.

Korean

기분

좋다

English

mood

good

not to be in a good mood.

기분지 않+습니다.

기분 습니다.

우리가 먹지 않습니다. / 우리가 안 먹습니다.

Korean

우리

먹다

English

we

to eat

We are not having a meal.

우리지 않+습니다.

우리 습니다.

In the case of verbs formed by combining nouns with the verb 하다, place 안 before 하다.
A significant part of Korean verbs is formed by adding 하다 to a noun. (생각하다 - to think, 공부하다 - to study, 고민하다 - to worry, 일하다 - to work, and many many others.)

See examples,
(click on translation and grammar buttons)

오늘은 일 안 합니다.

(not 안 일합니다)

Korean

오늘

하다

일하다

English

today

work

to do

to work

I'm not working today.

오늘 하+ㅂ니다.

저는 금년에 대학교를 졸업 안 합니다.

(not 안 졸업합니다)

Korean

금년

대학교

졸업

하다

졸업하다

English

this year

university

graduation

to do

to graduate

I am not graduating from university this year.

금년 대학교 졸업 하+ㅂ니다.

Noun, Pronoun + 이/가 아니다

이 - if a word ends in a consonant, 가 - if ends in a vowel

For nouns and pronouns use -이/-가 아니다.

See examples,
(click on translation and grammar buttons)

이것은 시계가 아닙니까?

Korean

이것

시계

English

this

watch, clock

Isn't this watch?

이것 시계가 아니+ㅂ니까?

저는 학생이 아닙니다.

Korean

학생

English

I

student

I'm not a student.

학생이 아니+ㅂ니다.

오늘은 수요일이 아닙니까?

Korean

오늘

수요일

English

today

Wednesday

Isn't today Wednesday?

오늘 수요일이 아니+ㅂ니까?

Quick reference (click to open)

Vowels: a, e, i, o, u

Consonants: b, c, d, f, g, h, j

Syllable: Bra-zil (2 syllables), Ar-gen-ti-na (4), In-di-a (3), Viet-nam (2), thin-king (2), beau-ti-ful (3), good (1)

Batchim: is a final consonant in a syllable. → Bra-zil (batchim: 'l'), Ar-gen-ti-na (batchims: 'r' and 'n'), In-di-a ('n'), Viet-nam ('t', 'm')

Romanization: is a conversion of text (not pronunciation ! ) from different writing system (Korean, Arabic, Russian, etc.) to the Roman (Latin) alphabet.

IPA: is an alphabetic system of phonetic (pronunciation) notation.

Noun: road, user, sister, table, sky

Pronoun: I, my, we, you, they, her

Verb: to go, to study, to think, to feel

Adjective: cold, kind, hungry, curious, expensive

Adverb: quickly, nicely, never, exactly, urgently

Preposition: from, to, on, in, with, till

Conjuction: and, because, if, but, while

Declarative sentence: I learn Korean.

Interrogative sentence: Do you learn Korean?

Imperative sentence: You must learn Korean!

Exclamative sentence: Wow, you learn Korean!

Verb / Adj. stem in Korean: part of a verb or adj. which is left after removing the last syllable -다 ( e.g. 가다 → 가, 예쁘다 → 예쁘, 듣다 → 듣 ).